安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)、文明施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)4.1機械作(zuo)業要(yao)(yao)(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)文明施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)有關規定(ding)進(jin)行(xing)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)擾民影響市(shi)容(rong)的(de)現(xian)象出(chu)現(xian)。4.2嚴(yan)格(ge)遵守“建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)地(di)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產六(liu)大(da)紀律”，進(jin)入人(ren)員(yuan)一律戴好(hao)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)帽(mao)。4.3車(che)輛進(jin)出(chu)聽(ting)從現(xian)場指(zhi)(zhi)揮，粘土必(bi)須清(qing)潔后方可外(wai)運(yun)確保市(shi)容(rong)整潔。4.4頂管施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前，做好(hao)各(ge)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序的(de)危險源辨(bian)識工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，根(gen)據危險辨(bian)識結果制定(ding)相(xiang)應的(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)防范(fan)措(cuo)施(shi)(shi)并(bing)(bing)向施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)交底。4.5建(jian)立健全(quan)(quan)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)生產崗位責任制，在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)前要(yao)(yao)(yao)逐級的(de)分部分項(xiang)(xiang)的(de)、有針對性進(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)技術交底，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)隊每天作(zuo)業前都要(yao)(yao)(yao)進(jin)行(xing)班前教育(yu)，并(bing)(bing)做好(hao)記錄(lu)。4.6各(ge)種(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序要(yao)(yao)(yao)按(an)照各(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)操作(zuo)規程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)違章指(zhi)(zhi)揮、違章操作(zuo)。4.7編制施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場臨時用電專項(xiang)(xiang)方案，各(ge)種(zhong)電器設備要(yao)(yao)(yao)做到(dao)一機、一閘、一箱、一漏保。各(ge)分項(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前，應由項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)技術負責人(ren)向參加該項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)全(quan)(quan)體施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)技術交底。龍(long)巖(yan)DN2200水泥頂管施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)每米價格(ge)

模擬(ni)過程（1）邊(bian)(bian)(bian)界(jie)條(tiao)件(jian)和初始條(tiao)件(jian)：三維數值模型(xing)的(de)(de)前(qian)后(hou)左右(you)以及底部(bu)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)界(jie)為(wei)法向(xiang)約(yue)束(shu)限制(zhi)位移，地(di)表為(wei)自由面。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)計(ji)算前(qian)，土(tu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)在自重應力(li)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用下(xia)，達到(dao)初始應力(li)平(ping)(ping)衡狀態。因為(wei)在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)前(qian)，土(tu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)經(jing)過長(chang)時(shi)間的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用已經(jing)處于穩定(ding)狀態，不(bu)經(jing)過施(shi)(shi)工(gong)擾動不(bu)會發生地(di)表沉降。如圖(tu)3所示，在自重應力(li)作(zuo)(zuo)用下(xia)土(tu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)沉降量(liang)自上而下(xia)逐漸增大，地(di)表的(de)(de)沉降量(liang)比(bi)較大可達到(dao)72mm，在模量(liang)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)前(qian)要將(jiang)所有(you)的(de)(de)位移沉降清零。開(kai)挖：在模擬(ni)中，管(guan)(guan)(guan)道沿著X軸方向(xiang)推進(jin)(jin)，模擬(ni)完全按照(zhao)管(guan)(guan)(guan)長(chang)4m的(de)(de)步(bu)長(chang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)。每步(bu)開(kai)挖后(hou)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)道和土(tu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)之間都(dou)留(liu)有(you)間隙(xi)(xi)，間隙(xi)(xi)按照(zhao)有(you)注漿進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)數值模擬(ni)，分析(xi)其地(di)表沉降量(liang)。在有(you)注漿時(shi)，由于邊(bian)(bian)(bian)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)進(jin)(jin)邊(bian)(bian)(bian)注漿，因此開(kai)挖后(hou)應將(jiang)開(kai)挖間隙(xi)(xi)立刻按照(zhao)觸變(bian)泥(ni)漿的(de)(de)力(li)學參(can)數回填，待(dai)全部(bu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)進(jin)(jin)完畢后(hou)，再將(jiang)觸變(bian)泥(ni)漿的(de)(de)力(li)學參(can)數換成凝固體(ti)(ti)(ti)力(li)學參(can)數進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)計(ji)算，比(bi)較終使其達到(dao)平(ping)(ping)衡狀態；在無注漿數值模擬(ni)計(ji)算時(shi)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)道和土(tu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)之間的(de)(de)間隙(xi)(xi)按空模型(xing)計(ji)算，直至達到(dao)平(ping)(ping)衡狀態。集美區(qu)DN1200球(qiu)墨管(guan)(guan)(guan)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)報價(jia)做(zuo)好頂(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)坑周邊(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)環境保護工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，搞(gao)好文(wen)明(ming)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)。

泥水推(tui)進(jin)(jin)工法有如下特點(dian)：⑴通過(guo)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)盤(pan)以及頂速(su)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)正面(mian)土(tu)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)，調節循環水壓(ya)(ya)力(li)用(yong)(yong)以平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)地下水壓(ya)(ya)力(li)；⑵采用(yong)(yong)流(liu)體(ti)輸送切(qie)削入泥倉的(de)土(tu)體(ti)，頂進(jin)(jin)過(guo)程(cheng)中不(bu)間斷，施工速(su)度(du)快(kuai)；⑶無需(xu)地基改良或降(jiang)(jiang)水處理(li)，施工后地表沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)(jiang)小。泥水式推(tui)進(jin)(jin)工法所采用(yong)(yong)的(de)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)常用(yong)(yong)的(de)有刀(dao)(dao)(dao)盤(pan)可(ke)伸(shen)(shen)縮式泥水平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)和(he)(he)偏心(xin)破碎泥水平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)。刀(dao)(dao)(dao)盤(pan)可(ke)伸(shen)(shen)縮式泥水平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)如需(xu)穿越建筑物(wu)(wu)、構造(zao)物(wu)(wu)、埋設物(wu)(wu)等對地面(mian)沉(chen)(chen)降(jiang)(jiang)要求很小的(de)情況(kuang)下，可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)盤(pan)可(ke)伸(shen)(shen)縮式泥水平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)，此種機(ji)頭的(de)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)盤(pan)是一個直徑比掘(jue)進(jin)(jin)機(ji)前殼(ke)體(ti)略小的(de)具有一定剛度(du)的(de)圓(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)。圓(yuan)(yuan)盤(pan)中還嵌有切(qie)削刀(dao)(dao)(dao)和(he)(he)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)架。刀(dao)(dao)(dao)盤(pan)和(he)(he)切(qie)削刀(dao)(dao)(dao)架之間可(ke)以同步伸(shen)(shen)縮，也可(ke)以單獨(du)伸(shen)(shen)縮。

由于(yu)刀盤(pan)(pan)運動過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)，泥(ni)水(shui)(shui)倉(cang)和泥(ni)土(tu)倉(cang)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)間(jian)隙也(ye)不(bu)斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)由比(bi)較小(xiao)變到(dao)比(bi)較大這樣(yang)循(xun)環變化著，因此，它除(chu)了(le)有軋(ya)碎(sui)小(xiao)塊石頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)以外還始(shi)終能(neng)(neng)(neng)保證進水(shui)(shui)泵的(de)(de)(de)泥(ni)水(shui)(shui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)通過(guo)此間(jian)隙到(dao)達泥(ni)土(tu)倉(cang)中(zhong)(zhong)，從(cong)而保證了(le)掘(jue)進機(ji)(ji)不(bu)僅在砂(sha)土(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)，即使在粘土(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)能(neng)(neng)(neng)正常(chang)工作。一般情況下，刀盤(pan)(pan)每分鐘(zhong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)旋轉4-5轉，每當(dang)刀盤(pan)(pan)旋轉一圈(quan)時，偏心的(de)(de)(de)軋(ya)碎(sui)動作達20-23次。由于(yu)此機(ji)(ji)型(xing)有以上這些(xie)特殊(shu)的(de)(de)(de)構造，因此它的(de)(de)(de)破(po)(po)碎(sui)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力是(shi)所有具有破(po)(po)碎(sui)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)掘(jue)進機(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)比(bi)較大的(de)(de)(de)，破(po)(po)碎(sui)的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較大粒(li)徑可達掘(jue)進機(ji)(ji)直(zhi)徑的(de)(de)(de)40-45%之間(jian)，破(po)(po)碎(sui)的(de)(de)(de)卵石強度(du)可達200MPa。組織(zhi)工人學習公司的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項規章(zhang)制度(du)、質量安全管理(li)條(tiao)例(li)。

在(zai)(zai)頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)為流行的(de)有(you)三種平衡(heng)理論(lun)：氣(qi)壓平衡(heng)、泥(ni)水平衡(heng)和(he)土(tu)壓平衡(heng)理論(lun)。頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)突出的(de)特(te)點就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)性問(wen)題。針對不同(tong)的(de)地(di)質情況、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)條件和(he)設計要(yao)求，選用與之適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式(shi)，如何正確地(di)選擇頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)機和(he)配(pei)套輔(fu)助設備(bei)，對于頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)來說將是(shi)(shi)(shi)非常(chang)關鍵的(de)。經(jing)過多年的(de)發展(zhan)，頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)技術在(zai)(zai)我國(guo)已得到大量(liang)地(di)實際工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程應(ying)(ying)(ying)用，且保(bao)持(chi)著(zhu)高(gao)速的(de)增長(chang)勢頭，無論(lun)在(zai)(zai)技術上、頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)設備(bei)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝上取得了(le)很大的(de)進步，在(zai)(zai)某些方面甚至已達到了(le)很高(gao)的(de)水平。2001年上海隧道(dao)股(gu)份(fen)有(you)限公司在(zai)(zai)江蘇省常(chang)州完成(cheng)了(le)長(chang)2050m、直(zhi)徑2m的(de)鋼筋水泥(ni)管(guan)(guan)頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，是(shi)(shi)(shi)已完成(cheng)的(de)我國(guo)比(bi)(bi)較(jiao)長(chang)的(de)頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程。堅(jian)持(chi)上道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)達到合(he)格標準，并及時上報監(jian)理，監(jian)理認定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)質量(liang)合(he)格后，下道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)才(cai)能施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)原則。南平DN3500非開挖頂(ding)管(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)每米價(jia)格

場施工(gong)(gong)人員必須戴安全帽(mao)，并系好額帶，上下工(gong)(gong)作坑應走(zou)安全扶梯。龍(long)巖DN2200水泥頂(ding)管施工(gong)(gong)每米價格

注漿(jiang)和(he)泥漿(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)處(chu)理在鉆桿回(hui)(hui)拉(la)(la)擴徑的(de)(de)(de)過程中，必須(xu)通過鉆桿注入膨潤(run)土(tu)(tu)(tu)漿(jiang)，以(yi)減(jian)少摩擦(ca)，降(jiang)低(di)回(hui)(hui)轉扭矩和(he)回(hui)(hui)拉(la)(la)阻力，同時膨潤(run)土(tu)(tu)(tu)漿(jiang)還有固壁防(fang)止孔洞塌土(tu)(tu)(tu)、冷卻鉆頭的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。更重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)通過旋轉回(hui)(hui)擴頭切削下來的(de)(de)(de)泥土(tu)(tu)(tu)，會(hui)溶融在膨潤(run)土(tu)(tu)(tu)漿(jiang)里(li)，形成(cheng)泥漿(jiang)，流到出口工(gong)作(zuo)坑的(de)(de)(de)集(ji)漿(jiang)坑里(li)。集(ji)漿(jiang)坑里(li)放設(she)泥漿(jiang)泵(beng)，把泥漿(jiang)抽到泥漿(jiang)池。3.8回(hui)(hui)拉(la)(la)敷設(she)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道擴孔成(cheng)功到600mm后，可以(yi)進(jin)行回(hui)(hui)來管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道工(gong)序。在回(hui)(hui)拖前(qian)要進(jin)行管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線連接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)序，用(yong)電焊法(fa)將鋼管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接(jie)成(cheng)與成(cheng)孔長度相(xiang)當的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道。準備好后，將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道與擴孔器相(xiang)連，回(hui)(hui)拉(la)(la)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道牽引(yin)進(jin)孔洞內。龍巖DN2200水泥頂管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)施(shi)工(gong)每米(mi)價格

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